Showing 1021-1040 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Recombinant human erythropoietin versus placebo or no treatment for the anaemia of chronic kidney disease in people not requiring dialysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2016
Treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in dialysis patients has been shown to be highly effective in terms of correcting anaemia and improving quality of life. There is debate concerning the benefits of rHuEPO use in predialysis patients
- Recordings or summaries of consultations for people with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Many people find it difficult to remember information provided during medical consultations. One way of improving this may be to provide a record of the conversation.
- Rectal analgesia for pain from perineal trauma following childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Perineal pain from a tear and/or surgical cut (episiotomy) is a common problem following vaginal birth. Strategies to reduce perineal trauma and the appropriate repair of any perineal damage sustained are important for avoiding and alleviating pain. Where
- Reduced or modified dietary fat for preventing cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2012
Reduction and modification of dietary fats have differing effects on cardiovascular risk factors (such as serum cholesterol), but their effects on important health outcomes are less clear.
- Reduced salt intake compared to normal dietary salt, or high intake, in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
In the past women have been advised that lowering their salt intake might reduce their risk of pre-eclampsia. Although this practice has largely ceased, it remains important to assess the evidence about possible effects of advice to alter dietary salt int
- Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia in preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in early infancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2015
With improvements in neonatal intensive care, more preterm infants are surviving the neonatal period and presenting for surgery in early infancy. Inguinal hernia is the most common condition requiring early surgery, appearing in 38% of infants whose birth
- Regional versus general anaesthesia for caesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2012
Regional anaesthesia (RA) and general anaesthesia (GA) are commonly used for caesarean section (CS) and both have advantages and disadvantages. It is important to clarify what type of anaesthesia is more efficacious.
- Rehabilitation after lumbar disc surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Feb-2014
Several rehabilitation programmes are available for individuals after lumbar disc surgery.
- Rehabilitation for distal radial fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2015
Fracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem, particularly in older people with osteoporosis. There is considerable variation in the management, including rehabilitation, of these fractures. This is an update of a Cochrane review first publi
- Rehabilitation for hamstring injuries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Oct-2012
Hamstring injuries are a common musculoskeletal disorder, particularly amongst athletes. Many factors have been associated with these injuries, including motor control and strength, soft tissue length and postural alignment. Well-established rehabilitatio
- Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2014
The term anchorage in orthodontic treatment refers to methods of controlling unwanted tooth movement. This is provided either by anchor sites within the mouth, such as the teeth and the palate, or from outside the mouth (headgear). Recently, new methods o
- Relapse prevention interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2013
A number of treatments can help smokers make a successful quit attempt, but many initially successful quitters relapse over time. Several interventions have been proposed to help prevent relapse.
- Relaxation therapies for the management of primary hypertension in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Lifestyle interventions are often recommended as initial treatment for mild hypertension, but the efficacy of relaxation therapies is unclear.
- Reminder packaging for improving adherence to self-administered long-term medications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Nov-2011
Current methods of improving medication adherence for health problems are mostly complex, labour-intensive, and not reliably effective. Medication 'reminder packaging', which incorporates a date or time for a medication to be taken in the packaging, can a
- Removal of nail polish and finger rings to prevent surgical infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2014
Surgical wound infections may be caused by the transfer of bacteria from the hands of surgical teams to patients during operations. Surgical scrubbing prior to surgery reduces the number of bacteria on the skin, but wearing rings and nail polish on the fi
- Repetitive task training for improving functional ability after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jun-2014
The active practice of task-specific motor activities is a component of current approaches to stroke rehabilitation.
- Replacement arthroplasty versus internal fixation for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Internal fixation, commonly used for extracapsular hip fractures, may fail particularly in unstable fractures. Replacement of the hip using arthroplasty, often used for intracapsular fractures, has been used as an alternative.
- Resorbable versus titanium plates for orthognathic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2008
Recognition of some of the limitations of titanium plates and screws used for the fixation of bones has led to the development of plates manufactured from bioresorbable materials. Whilst resorbable plates appear to offer clinical advantages over metal pla
- Respite care for people with dementia and their carers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2014
Caring for someone with dementia can be emotionally and physically demanding. Respite care is any intervention designed to give rest or relief to caregivers. It is not clear what positive and negative effects such care may have on them, or on people with
- Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Dec-2014
Most premature infants are physiologically not sufficiently mature to orally ingest all of their required water and nutrients. Therefore, premature infants rely on their caregivers to regulate their volume of water intake. Thus, the caregiver must determi
