Showing 1121-1140 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Steroid hormones for contraception in men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2012
Male hormonal contraception has been an elusive goal. Administration of sex steroids to men can shut off sperm production through effects on the pituitary and hypothalamus. However, this approach also decreases production of testosterone, so 'add-back' th
- Steroids, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and stents for superior vena caval obstruction in carcinoma of the bronchus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Mar-2015
Superior vena caval obstruction (SVCO) is an uncommon manifestation of carcinoma of the bronchus characterised by neck swelling and distended veins over the chest. Treatment options include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, steroids and insertion of an expandab
- Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point PC6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2015
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common complications following surgery and anaesthesia. Antiemetic drugs are only partially effective in preventing PONV. An alternative approach is to stimulate the PC6 acupoint on the wrist. This is an update
- Strategies for communicating contraceptive effectiveness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Mar-2013
Knowledge of contraceptive effectiveness is crucial to making an informed choice. The consumer has to comprehend the pros and cons of the contraceptive methods being considered. Choice may be influenced by understanding the likelihood of pregnancy with ea
- Strategies for increasing the participation of women in community breast cancer screening
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
Strategies for reducing breast cancer mortality in western countries have focused on screening, at least for women aged 50 to 69 years. One of the requirements of any community screening program is to achieve a high participation rate, which is related to
- Strategies for integrating primary health services in low- and middle-income countries at the point of delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2011
In some low- and middle-income countries, separate vertical programmes deliver specific life-saving interventions but can fragment services. Strategies to integrate services aim to bring together inputs, organisation, and delivery of particular functions
- Strategies for managing sexual dysfunction induced by antidepressant medication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2013
Sexual dysfunction (including altered sexual desire, orgasmic and ejaculatory dysfunction, erectile and other problems) is a relatively common side effect of antidepressant medication. These sexual side effects may compromise a person's lifestyle and resu
- Strategies to improve adherence and acceptability of hormonal methods of contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2013
Worldwide, hormonal contraceptives are among the most popular reversible contraceptives. Despite their high theoretical effectiveness, typical use results in much lower effectiveness. In large part, this disparity reflects difficulties in adherence to the
- Strength training and aerobic exercise training for muscle disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jun-2013
Strength training or aerobic exercise programmes might optimise muscle and cardiorespiratory function and prevent additional disuse atrophy and deconditioning in people with a muscle disease. This is an update of a review first published in 2004.
- Stretching to prevent or reduce muscle soreness after exercise
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2011
Many people stretch before or after engaging in athletic activity. Usually the purpose is to reduce risk of injury, reduce soreness after exercise, or enhance athletic performance. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2007.
- Substitution of doctors by nurses in primary care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2014
Demand for primary care services has increased in developed countries due to population ageing, rising patient expectations, and reforms that shift care from hospitals to the community. At the same time, the supply of physicians is constrained and there i
- Sub-Tenon's anaesthesia versus topical anaesthesia for cataract surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Aug-2015
Local anaesthesia for cataract surgery can be provided by sub-Tenon's or topical anaesthesia. Both techniques offer possible advantages. This review, which originally was published in 2007 and was updated in 2014, was undertaken to compare these two anaes
- Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Administration of oral sucrose with and without non-nutritive sucking is the most frequently studied non-pharmacological intervention for procedural pain relief in neonates.
- Sumatriptan (intranasal route of administration) for acute migraine attacks in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2012
Migraine is a highly disabling condition for the individual and also has wide-reaching implications for society, healthcare services, and the economy. Sumatriptan is an abortive medication for migraine attacks, belonging to the triptan family. Intranasal
- Sumatriptan (rectal route of administration) for acute migraine attacks in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Migraine is a highly disabling condition for the individual and also has wide-reaching implications for society, healthcare services, and the economy. Sumatriptan is an abortive medication for migraine attacks, belonging to the triptan family. Rectal admi
- Sumatriptan (subcutaneous route of administration) for acute migraine attacks in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2012
Migraine is a highly disabling condition for the individual and also has wide-reaching implications for society, healthcare services, and the economy. Sumatriptan is an abortive medication for migraine attacks, belonging to the triptan family. Subcutaneou
- Superficial heat or cold for low back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
Heat and cold are commonly utilised in the treatment of low-back pain by both health care professionals and people with low-back pain.
- Supervised exercise therapy versus non-supervised exercise therapy for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Aug-2013
Although supervised exercise therapy is considered to be of significant benefit for people with leg pain (peripheral arterial disease (PAD)), implementing supervised exercise programs (SETs) in daily practice has limitations. This is an update of a review
- Support surfaces for treating pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2011
Pressure ulcers are treated by reducing pressure on the areas of damaged skin. Special support surfaces (including beds, mattresses and cushions) designed to redistribute pressure, are widely used as treatments. The relative effects of different support s
- Supported housing for people with severe mental disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2010
There has been a significant reduction in the number of people with severe mental illness who spend extended periods in long-stay hospitals. District health authorities, local authorities, housing associations and voluntary organisations are jointly expec
