Showing 101-120 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Audio-visual presentation of information for informed consent for participation in clinical trials
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2014
Informed consent is a critical component of clinical research. Different methods of presenting information to potential participants of clinical trials may improve the informed consent process. Audio-visual interventions (presented, for example, on the In
- Audit and feedback versus alternative strategies: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
Audit and feedback has been identified as having the potential to change the practice of health care professionals.
- Audit and feedback: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2012
Audit and feedback is widely used as a strategy to improve professional practice either on its own or as a component of multifaceted quality improvement interventions. This is based on the belief that healthcare professionals are prompted to modify their
- Auricular acupuncture for cocaine dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Mar-2008
Auricular acupuncture (insertion of acupuncture into a number, usually five, of specific points in the ear) is a widely-used treatment for cocaine dependence.
- Ayurvedic medicine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2010
Ayurvedic medicine has been used to treat mental health problems since1000 BC.
- Back schools for non-specific low-back pain.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
Since the introduction of the Swedish back school in 1969, back schools have frequently been used for treating patients with low-back pain (LBP). However, the content of back schools has changed and appears to vary widely today.
- Balloon angioplasty, with and without stenting, versus medical therapy for hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Dec-2014
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Balloon angioplasty with stenting is widely used for the treatment of hypertensive patients with renal artery stenosis but the effectiveness of this procedure in tre
- Balneotherapy for osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2008
Balneotherapy (or spa therapy, mineral baths) for patients with arthritis is one of the oldest forms of therapy. One of the aims of balneotherapy is to soothe the pain and as a consequence to relieve patients' suffering and make them feel well. In this up
- Bed rest during pregnancy for preventing miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2010
Miscarriage is pregnancy loss before 23 weeks of gestational age. It happens in 10% to 15% of pregnancies depending on maternal age and parity. It is associated with chromosomal defects in about a half or two-thirds of cases. Many interventions have been
- Bed rest for acute uncomplicated myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2012
Bed rest is prescribed to all patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but to a variable extent. Current guidelines (American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association) recommend at least 12 hours bed rest in patients with uncomplicated ST
- Bed rest in hospital for suspected impaired fetal growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2010
Bed rest in hospital or at home is widely advised for many complications of pregnancy. The increased clinical supervision needs to be balanced with the risk of thrombosis, the stress on the pregnant women, as well as the costs to families and health servi
- Bed rest in singleton pregnancies for preventing preterm birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2015
Bed rest in hospital or at home is widely recommended for the prevention of preterm birth. This advice is based on the observation that hard work and hard physical activity during pregnancy could be associated with preterm birth and with the idea that bed
- Bed rest with or without hospitalisation for hypertension during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2010
Bed rest or restriction of activity, with or without hospitalisation, have been advocated for women with hypertension during pregnancy to improve pregnancy outcome. However, benefits need to be demonstrated before such interventions can be recommended sin
- Behavioral interventions to reduce risk for sexual transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-May-2008
Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain at great risk for HIV infection. Program planners and policy makers need descriptions of interventions and quantitative estimates of intervention effects to make informed decisions concerning prevention funding and r
- Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 4, 2006.
- Behavioural and cognitive behavioural training interventions for assisting foster carers in the management of difficult behaviour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
The provision of training for foster carers is now seen as an important factor contributing to the successful outcome of foster care placements. Since the late 1960s, foster carer training programs have proliferated, and few of the many published and unpu
- Behavioural and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of faecal incontinence in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Faecal incontinence is a common and potentially distressing disorder of childhood.
- Behavioural and cognitive-behavioural interventions for outwardly-directed aggressive behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2015
Outwardly-directed aggressive behaviour is a significant part of problem behaviours presented by people with intellectual disabilities. Prevalence rates of up to 50% have been reported in the literature, depending on the population sampled. Such behaviour
- Behavioural interventions for dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
Dysmenorrhoea refers to the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps of uterine origin and is a common gynaecological condition with considerable morbidity. The behavioural approach assumes that psychological and environmental factors interact with, and inf
- Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
Behavioural treatment is commonly used in the management of chronic low-back pain (CLBP) to reduce disability through modification of maladaptive pain behaviours and cognitive processes. Three behavioural approaches are generally distinguished: operant, c
