Showing 101-120 of 305 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Endocrine and nutrition 
- Furosemide for prevention of morbidity in indomethacin-treated infants with patent ductus arteriosus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis mediates closure of the ductus arteriosus and renal side effects after indomethacin administration. Because furosemide increases prostaglandin production, it could potentially help prevent indomethacin-related toxicit
- Gastrostomy feeding versus oral feeding alone for children with cerebral palsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2013
Children with cerebral palsy can be significantly disabled in terms of their ability to suck, chew and swallow. This can lead to significant impairment in feeding and, eventually, to undernutrition. It can also result in aspiration of food into the lungs.
- Glucocorticoid corticosteroids for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Mar-2009
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common muscular dystrophy of childhood. This incurable disease is characterised by muscle wasting and loss of walking ability leading to complete wheelchair dependence by 13 years of age. Prolongation of walki
- Gonadotrophin therapy for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Aug-2015
Approximately 15% of women with PCOS remain anovulatory despite treatment with oral anti-oestrogen medications such as clomiphene citrate. In addition, about half of women with PCOS ovulating on anti-oestrogen treatment fail to conceive. Gonadotrophin sti
- Granulocyte transfusions for neonates with confirmed or suspected sepsis and neutropenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2011
Neonates have immature granulopoiesis, which frequently results in neutropenia after sepsis. Neutropaenic septic neonates have a higher mortality than non-neutropenic septic neonates. Therefore, granulocyte transfusion to septic neutropenic neonates may i
- Granulocyte transfusions for treating infections in patients with neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2010
Transfusions of granulocytes have a long history of usage in clinical practice to support and treat severe infection in high risk groups of patients with neutropenia or neutrophil dysfunction. However, there is considerable current variability in therapeu
- Group based diabetes self-management education compared to routine treatment, waiting list control or no intervention for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jun-2015
Self-management skills are necessary for patients with type 2 diabetes. Group based diabetes self management education (DSME) is central among methods for teaching self-management.
- Growth monitoring in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Growth monitoring is widely accepted and strongly supported by health professionals, and is a standard component of community paediatric services throughout the world. We sought to evaluate research evidence of its impact. This requires definition, consid
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Gaucher disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2015
Gaucher disease is the most common lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. Current treatment of the disease involves a choice among enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy and stem cell transplan
- Heparin for prolonging peripheral intravenous catheter use in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2011
Mechanical or infectious complications often necessitate their removal and/or replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters. Heparin has been shown to be effective in prolonging the patency of peripheral arterial catheters and central venous catheters,
- HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for dialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2013
People with advanced kidney disease treated with dialysis experience mortality rates from cardiovascular disease that are substantially higher than for the general population. Studies that have assessed the benefits of statins (HMG CoA reductase inhibitor
- Home fortification of foods with multiple micronutrient powders for health and nutrition in children under two years of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Mar-2014
Vitamin and mineral deficiencies, particularly those of iron, vitamin A and zinc, affect more than two billion people worldwide. Young children are highly vulnerable because of rapid growth and inadequate dietary practices. Micronutrient powders (MNP) are
- Home versus hospital intravenous antibiotic therapy for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Dec-2015
Recurrent endobronchial infection in cystic fibrosis requires treatment with intravenous antibiotics for several weeks usually in hospital, affecting health costs and quality of life for patients and their families. This is an update of a previously publi
- Homocysteine lowering interventions for peripheral arterial disease and bypass grafts
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2013
Elevated plasma levels of the amino acid homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinaemia) are associated with narrowing or blocking of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Treatment to lower homocysteine levels has been shown to be both effective and cheap in healthy volu
- Hormonal versus non-hormonal contraceptives in women with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Adequate contraceptive advice is important in both women with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 to reduce the risk of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality in unplanned pregnancies. A wide variety of contraceptives are available for these women. H
- 'Human' insulin versus animal insulin in people with diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Human insulin was introduced for the routine treatment of diabetes mellitus in the early 1980s without adequate comparison of efficacy to animal insulin preparations. First reports of altered hypoglycaemia awareness after transfer to human insulin made ph
- Hydration for treatment of preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2013
Hydration has been proposed as a treatment for women with preterm labour. Theoretically, hydration may reduce uterine contractility by increasing uterine blood flow and by decreasing pituitary secretion of antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin.
- Hypertonic saline for peri-operative fluid management
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2009
Fluid excess may place patients undergoing surgery at risk for various complications. Hypertonic saline (HS) maintains intravascular volume with less intravenous fluid than isotonic salt (IS) solutions, but may increase serum sodium.
- Hypotonic vs isotonic saline solutions for intravenous fluid management of acute infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Sep-2008
Hypotonic saline (such as 0.18-0.3% NaCl with dextrose) is commonly used as maintenance fluid in the management of acute infections. In recent years there have been numerous reports of hypotonic saline solutions being associated with adverse outcomes. To
- Inhaled anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for long‐term therapy in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2022
Inhaled antibiotics are commonly used to treat persistent airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that contributes to lung damage in people with cystic fibrosis. Current guidelines recommend inhaled tobramycin for individuals with cystic fibrosis and
