Showing 101-120 of 389 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gynecologic 
- Depot medroxyprogesterone versus Norethisterone oenanthate for long-acting progestogenic contraception.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Mar-2012
There are two injectable progestogen-only contraceptives (IPCs) that have been available in many countries in the world since 1983. They are both still extensively used in many developing countries, forming a large proportion of the health system's expend
- Depot versus daily administration of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist protocols for pituitary down regulation in assisted reproduction cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2012
Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is commonly used to switch off (down regulate) the pituitary gland and thus suppress ovarian activity in women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF). Other fertility drugs (gonadotrophins) are then used to
- Diaphragm versus diaphragm with spermicides for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2011
The diaphragm is usually used with a spermicide. However, some practitioners have suggested that spermicides offer no additional contraceptive protection and have advocated alternative guidelines for the use of diaphragms.
- Dietary supplements for dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2016
Dysmenorrhoea refers to painful menstrual cramps and is a common gynaecological complaint. Conventional treatments include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), which both reduce myometrial activity (contracti
- Education for contraceptive use by women after childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2015
Contraceptive education is generally a standard component of postpartum care, although the effectiveness is seldom examined. The assumptions that form the basis of such programs include postpartum women being motivated to use contraception and that they w
- Embryo freezing for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2012
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic potentially life threatening condition resulting from an excessive ovarian stimulation. Its reported incidence varies from one percent to ten percent of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. It seem
- Emergency ultrasound-based algorithms for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Sep-2015
Ultrasonography (performed by means of a four-quadrant, focused assessment of sonography for trauma (FAST)) is regarded as a key instrument for the initial assessment of patients with suspected blunt abdominal and thoraco-abdominal trauma in the emergency
- Endometrial preparation for women undergoing embryo transfer with frozen embryos or embryos derived from donor oocytes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
If a fresh embryo, assisted reproductive technology procedure cycle is unsuccessful and there are frozen embryos available, a frozen-thawed embryo transfer is performed. In some specific cases women may undergo oocyte donation treatment. In both situation
- Endometrial resection and ablation techniques for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2019
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a significant health problem in premenopausal women; it can reduce their quality of life and can cause social disruption and physical problems such as iron deficiency anaemia. First-line treatment has traditionally consis
- Endometrial resection and ablation versus hysterectomy for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2013
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), which includes both menorrhagia and metrorrhagia, is an important cause of ill health in women. Surgical treatment of HMB often follows failed or ineffective medical therapy. The definitive treatment is hysterectomy, but th
- Episiotomy for vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2012
Episiotomy is done to prevent severe perineal tears, but its routine use has been questioned. The relative effects of midline compared with midlateral episiotomy are unclear.
- Estrogen for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
In terms of clinical outcomes, women with schizophrenia seem to fare better then men, but appear more vulnerable to psychotic illness in the period after birth and menopause. As these vulnerable periods to psychosis are associated with estrogen withdrawal
- Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Osteoporosis is an abnormal reduction in bone mass and bone deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Etidronate belongs to the bisphosphonate class of drugs which act to inhibit bone resorption by interfering with the activity of osteoclasts.
- Excisional surgery versus ablative surgery for ovarian endometriomata
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2011
Endometriomata are endometriotic deposits within the ovary. The surgical management of these blood filled cysts is controversial. The laparoscopic approach to the management of endometriomata is favoured over a laparotomy approach as it offers the advanta
- Exercise for dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2010
Dysmenorrhoea is characterised by cramping lower abdominal pain that may radiate to the lower back and upper thighs and is commonly associated with nausea, headache, fatigue and diarrhoea. Physical exercise has been suggested as a non-medical approach to
- Exercise for preventing and treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Jun-2011
Osteoporosis is a condition resulting in an increased risk of skeletal fractures due to a reduction in the density of bone tissue. Treatment of osteoporosis typically involves the use of pharmacological agents. In general it is thought that disuse (prolon
- Exercise for vasomotor menopausal symptoms
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2014
Evidence suggests that many perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women will experience menopausal symptoms; hot flushes are the most common. Symptoms caused by fluctuating levels of oestrogen may be alleviated by hormone therapy (HT), but a marked glob
- Exercise for women receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Sep-2008
A huge clinical research database on adjuvant cancer treatment has verified improvements in breast cancer outcomes such as recurrence and mortality rates. On the other hand, adjuvant therapy with agents such as hormone therapy, chemotherapy and radiothera
- Expectant care versus surgical treatment for miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2012
Miscarriage is a common complication of early pregnancy that can have both medical and psychological consequences such as depression and anxiety. The need for routine surgical evacuation with miscarriage has been questioned because of potential complicati
- Feedback or biofeedback to augment pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2011
Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is an effective treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women. Whilst most of the PFMT trials have been done in women with stress urinary incontinence, there is also some trial evidence that PFMT is effective for u
