Showing 101-120 of 419 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Perinatal and infant 
- Doxapram versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive pr
- D‐Penicillamine for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Sep-2013
The rate of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in moderately premature infants has decreased dramatically with improved care in the neonatal intensive care unit. A low rate of this disorder was unexpectedly observed among infants treated with intravenous D-
- Early (< 7 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2021
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major problem for infants born extremely preterm. Persistent inflammation in the lungs is important in its pathogenesis. Systemic corticosteroids have been used to prevent or treat BPD because of their potent ant
- Early additional food and fluids for healthy breastfed full‐term infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Aug-2016
Health organisations recommend exclusive breastfeeding for six months. However, the addition of other fluids or foods before six months is common in many countries. Recently, research has suggested that introducing solid food at around four months of age
- Early administration of inhaled corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in very low birth weight preterm neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2017
Chronic lung disease (CLD) remains a common complication among preterm infants. There is increasing evidence that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CLD. Due to their strong anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroids are an att
- Early compared with delayed oral fluids and food after caesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2002
It is customary for fluids and/or food to be withheld for a period of time after abdominal operations. After caesarean section, practices vary considerably. These discrepancies raise concern as to the bases of different practices.
- Early developmental intervention programmes provided post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairment in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Nov-2015
Infants born preterm are at increased risk of developing cognitive and motor impairment compared with infants born at term. Early developmental interventions have been provided in the clinical setting with the aim of improving overall functional outcomes
- Early discharge with home support of gavage feeding for stable preterm infants who have not established full oral feeds
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2015
Early discharge of stable preterm infants still requiring gavage feeds offers the benefits of uniting families sooner and reducing healthcare and family costs compared with discharge home when on full sucking feeds. Potential disadvantages of early discha
- Early erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents in preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2020
Preterm infants have low plasma levels of erythropoietin (EPO), providing a rationale for the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to prevent or treat anaemia and to provide neuro protection and protection against necrotising enterocolitis (NEC
- Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
The early institution of enteral feeding in the first few days of life is known to impact on the development of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. However, the effect of early intravenous nutrition on neonatal jaundice remains unknown.
- Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Lipids are essential components of parenteral nutrition for preterm infants. Parenteral lipids can be administered through a peripheral vein, and their early introduction offers the potential advantages of increasing energy intake and providing essential
- Early light reduction for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2013
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a complex condition of the developing retinal blood vessels and is one of the leading causes of preventable childhood blindness. Several risk factors for ROP have been studied over the past 50 years. Among them, general
- Early postnatal discharge from hospital for healthy mothers and term infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2021
Length of postnatal hospital stay has declined dramatically in the past 50 years. There is ongoing controversy about whether staying less time in hospital is harmful or beneficial. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 2002, and previo
- Early removal versus expectant management of central venous catheters in neonates with bloodstream infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2016
Uncertainty exists regarding the management of newborn infants with a bloodstream infection and a central venous catheter in place. The central venous catheter may act as a nidus for infecting organisms and observational studies have suggested that early
- Early skin‐to‐skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2016
Mother-infant separation post birth is common. In standard hospital care, newborn infants are held wrapped or dressed in their mother’s arms, placed in open cribs or under radiant warmers. Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) begins ideally at birth and should last
- Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs. selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Both prophylactic and early surfactant replacement therapy reduce mortality and pulmonary complications in ventilated infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) compared with later selective surfactant administration. However, continued post-surfact
- Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
The introduction of enteral feeds for very preterm (< 32 weeks) or very low birth weight (< 1500 grams) infants is often delayed due to concern that early introduction may not be tolerated and may increase the risk of necrotising enterocolitis. However, p
- Early versus delayed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2020
The application of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been shown to have some benefits in the treatment of preterm infants with respiratory distress. CPAP has the potential to reduce lung damage, particularly if applied early before atelectasi
- Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
Clinical trials have confirmed that surfactant therapy is effective in improving the immediate need for respiratory support and the clinical outcome of premature newborns. Trials have studied a wide variety of surfactant preparations used either to preven
- Early versus late discontinuation of oxygen in preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
It has been hypothesized that the duration of supplemental oxygen administration, independent of the oxygen concentration, gestational age and/or birth weight, is influential in the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Concern regarding
