Showing 101-120 of 419 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Perinatal and infant 
- Doxapram treatment for apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. Apnea can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive pressure ventilation. Doxapram has been u
- Doxapram versus methylxanthine for apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive pr
- D-Penicillamine for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Sep-2013
The rate of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in moderately premature infants has decreased dramatically with improved care in the neonatal intensive care unit. A low rate of this disorder was unexpectedly observed among infants treated with intravenous D-
- Early (< 7 days) systemic postnatal corticosteroids for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2021
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major problem for infants born extremely preterm. Persistent inflammation in the lungs is important in its pathogenesis. Systemic corticosteroids have been used to prevent or treat BPD because of their potent ant
- Early additional food and fluids for healthy breastfed full-term infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2014
Widespread recommendations from health organisations encourage exclusive breastfeeding for six months. However, the addition of other fluids or foods before six months is common in many countries and communities. This practice suggests perceived benefits
- Early administration of inhaled corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in ventilated very low birth weight preterm neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2012
Chronic lung disease remains a common complication among preterm infants. There is increasing evidence that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CLD. Due to their strong anti-inflammatory properties, corticosteroids are an attractiv
- Early compared with delayed oral fluids and food after caesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
It is customary for fluids and/or food to be withheld for a period of time after abdominal operations. After caesarean section, practices vary considerably. These discrepancies raise concern as to the bases of different practices.
- Early developmental intervention programmes provided post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairment in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2015
Infants born preterm are at increased risk of developing cognitive and motor impairment compared with infants born at term. Early developmental interventions have been provided in the clinical setting with the aim of improving overall functional outcomes
- Early discharge with home support of gavage feeding for stable preterm infants who have not established full oral feeds
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jun-2015
Early discharge of stable preterm infants still requiring gavage feeds offers the benefits of uniting families sooner and reducing healthcare and family costs compared with discharge home when on full sucking feeds. Potential disadvantages of early discha
- Early erythropoietin for preventing red blood cell transfusion in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2014
Low plasma levels of erythropoietin (EPO) in preterm infants provide a rationale for the use of EPO to prevent or treat anaemia.
- Early intravenous nutrition for the prevention of neonatal jaundice
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
The early institution of enteral feeding in the first few days of life is known to impact on the development of unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. However, the effect of early intravenous nutrition on neonatal jaundice remains unknown.
- Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Lipids are essential components of parenteral nutrition for preterm infants. Parenteral lipids can be administered through a peripheral vein, and their early introduction offers the potential advantages of increasing energy intake and providing essential
- Early light reduction for preventing retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2013
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a complex condition of the developing retinal blood vessels and is one of the leading causes of preventable childhood blindness. Several risk factors for ROP have been studied over the past 50 years. Among them, general
- Early postnatal discharge from hospital for healthy mothers and term infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2009
Length of postnatal hospital stay has declined dramatically in the past thirty years. There is ongoing controversy concerning whether staying less time in hospital is harmful or beneficial.
- Early removal versus expectant management of central venous catheters in neonates with bloodstream infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2011
Uncertainty exists regarding the management of central venous catheters (CVCs) in neonates with bloodstream infections. Early CVC removal may reduce the risk of persistent or complicated infection and its associated morbidity and mortality. However, since
- Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2012
Mother-infant separation postbirth is common in Western culture. Early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) begins ideally at birth and involves placing the naked baby, head covered with a dry cap and a warm blanket across the back, prone on the mother's bare chest
- Early surfactant administration with brief ventilation vs. selective surfactant and continued mechanical ventilation for preterm infants with or at risk for respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Both prophylactic and early surfactant replacement therapy reduce mortality and pulmonary complications in ventilated infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) compared with later selective surfactant administration. However, continued post-surfact
- Early trophic feeding versus enteral fasting for very preterm or very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
The introduction of enteral feeds for very preterm (< 32 weeks) or very low birth weight (< 1500 grams) infants is often delayed due to concern that early introduction may not be tolerated and may increase the risk of necrotising enterocolitis. However, p
- Early versus delayed initiation of continuous distending pressure for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
The application of continuous distending pressure (CDP) has been shown to have some benefits in the treatment of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). CDP has the potential to reduce lung damage particularly if applied early before ate
- Early versus delayed selective surfactant treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2012
Clinical trials have confirmed that surfactant therapy is effective in improving the immediate need for respiratory support and the clinical outcome of premature newborns. Trials have studied a wide variety of surfactant preparations used either to preven
