Showing 101-120 of 723 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Musculoskeletal 
- Botulinum toxin for myofascial pain syndromes in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2014
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 4, 2012. Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a regional muscular pain syndrome characterised by the presence of trigger points, which are painful points in one or more muscles. Th
- Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Nov-2010
Recent evidence suggests an anti-nociceptive effect of botulinum toxin.
- Botulinum toxin for subacute/chronic neck pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-May-2015
Neck disorders are common, disabling and costly. Botulinum toxin (BoNT) intramuscular injections are often used with the intention of treating neck pain.
- Botulinum toxin injections for low-back pain and sciatica
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2010
Adequate relief from low-back pain (LBP) is not always possible. Emerging evidence suggests a role for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections in treating pain disorders. Proponents of BoNT suggest its properties can decrease muscle spasms, ischemia and in
- Botulinum toxin type A therapy for blepharospasm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2008
Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia characterized by chronic intermittent or persistent involuntary eyelid closure due to spasmodic contractions of the orbicularis oculi muscles. Other facial and neck muscles are also frequently involved. Most cases are idi
- Botulinum toxin type A therapy for cervical dystonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2008
Cervical dystonia is characterized by involuntary posturing of the head and frequently is associated with neck pain. Disability and social withdrawal are common. In recent years, Botulinum toxin Type A (BtA) has become the first line therapy. However its
- Botulinum toxin type A therapy for hemifacial spasm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2008
Hemifacial spasm is characterised by unilateral involuntary contractions of muscles innervated by the facial nerve. The usual cause is a vessel touching the facial nerve near its origin from the brain stem. Although it is a benign condition it can cause s
- Botulinum toxin type A versus anticholinergics for cervical dystonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2008
Cervical dystonia is the most common form of focal dystonia. It is characterized by involuntary posturing of the head and frequently is associated with neck pain. Disability and social withdrawal are common. Most cases are idiopathic and generally cervica
- Botulinum toxin type A versus botulinum toxin type B for cervical dystonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2008
Cervical dystonia is the most common form of focal dystonia. It is characterized by involuntary posturing of the head and frequently is associated with neck pain. Disability and social withdrawal are common. Most cases are idiopathic, and generally it is
- Botulinum toxin type B for cervical dystonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2008
Cervical dystonia is the most common form of focal dystonia. It is characterized by involuntary posturing of the head and frequently is associated with neck pain. Disability and social withdrawal are common. Most cases of cervical dystonia are idiopathic
- Braces and orthoses for treating osteoarthritis of the knee
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2015
Individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee can be treated with a knee brace or a foot/ankle orthosis. The main purpose of these aids is to reduce pain, improve physical function and, possibly, slow disease progression. This is the second update of t
- Braces for idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2015
Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine. The most common form is diagnosed in adolescence. While adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can progress during growth and cause a surface deformity, it is usually not symptomatic. Howe
- Budesonide for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2015
Corticosteroids are commonly used for the induction of remission in Crohn's disease. However, traditional corticosteroids can cause significant adverse events. Budesonide is an alternative glucocorticoid with limited systemic bioavailability.
- Calcitonin for metastatic bone pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Pain is the most frequent symptom experienced by cancer patients, its intensity dependent on the site of the tumour. Tumours that compromise bone or nervous structures due to the bone destruction process are the most painful. There are several treatments
- Calcitonin for preventing and treating corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis is a cause of morbidity in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, and rheumatologic disorders. Corticosteroid treatment causes bone loss by a variety of complex mechanisms. It has been shown that bone m
- Calcium and vitamin D for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Osteoporosis and subsequent fracture are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is defined by low bone mass, and has many etiologies with different patterns of bone loss. Corticosteroid therapy is a contributor to the development of osteoporosis. St
- Calcium supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
Clinical trials have shown that calcium supplementation in children can increase bone mineral density (BMD) although this effect may not be maintained. There has been no quantitative systematic review of this intervention.
- Calcium supplementation on bone loss in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Although calcium is one the simplest and least expensive strategies for preventing osteoporotic fractures calcium supplementation is nevertheless not without controversy (Kanis 1989; Nordin 1990). The Food and Drug Administration in the US has permitted a
- Carbamazepine for chronic neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Apr-2014
This is an update of a Cochrane review entitled 'Carbamazepine for acute and chronic pain in adults' published in Issue 1, 2011. Some antiepileptic medicines have a place in the treatment of neuropathic pain (pain due to nerve damage). This updated review
- Care home versus hospital and own home environments for rehabilitation of older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Rehabilitation for older people has acquired an increasingly important profile for both policy-makers and service providers within health and social care agencies. This has generated an increased interest in the use of alternative care environments includ
