Showing 1321-1340 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2020
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the most common cause of long-term disability. Severe narrowing (stenosis) of the carotid artery is an important cause of stroke. Surgical treatment (carotid endarterectomy) may reduce the risk of stroke, but
- Carvedilol versus traditional, non‐selective beta‐blockers for adults with cirrhosis and gastroesophageal varices
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2018
Non-selective beta-blockers are recommended for the prevention of bleeding in people with cirrhosis, portal hypertension and gastroesophageal varices. Carvedilol is a non-selective beta-blocker with additional intrinsic alpha1-blocking effects, which may
- Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Oct-2015
Over 35 million people are estimated to be living with dementia in the world and the societal costs are very high. Case management is a widely used and strongly promoted complex intervention for organising and co-ordinating care at the level of the indivi
- Case management for persons with substance use disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2014
Patients with alcohol and other drug use disorders (AOD) frequently have multiple social, physical, and mental health treatment needs, yet have difficulty accessing community services, including drug abuse treatment. One strategy for linking patients with
- Caseworker‐assigned discharge plans to prevent hospital readmission for acute exacerbations in children with chronic respiratory illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2018
Chronic respiratory conditions are major causes of mortality and morbidity. Children with chronic health conditions have increased morbidity associated with their physical, emotional, and general well-being. Acute respiratory exacerbations (AREs) are comm
- Castor oil, bath and/or enema for cervical priming and induction of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2013
Castor oil, a potent cathartic, is derived from the bean of the castor plant. Anecdotal reports, which date back to ancient Egypt have suggested the use of castor oil to stimulate labour. Castor oil has been widely used as a traditional method of initiati
- Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
As Parkinson's disease progresses the control of motor symptoms often requires the addition of other drugs to levodopa. The principle aim of COMT inhibitor therapy is to increase the duration of effect of each levodopa dose and thus reduce the time patien
- Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors versus active comparators for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
As Parkinson's disease progresses the control of the symptoms often requires the addition of other drugs to levodopa. The principle aim of COMT inhibitor therapy is to increase the duration of effect of the levodopa dose and thus reduce the time patients
- Catheter ablation for paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia seen in cardiovascular departments. Treatments include medical interventions and catheter ablation. Due to uncertainties in medical therapies for AF, and the need to continue sinus rhythm, abl
- Catheter impregnation, coating or bonding for reducing central venous catheter‐related infections in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2016
The central venous catheter (CVC) is essential in managing acutely ill patients in hospitals. Bloodstream infection is a major complication in patients with a CVC. Several infection control measures have been developed to reduce bloodstream infections, on
- Catheter policies for management of long term voiding problems in adults with neurogenic bladder disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2013
Management of the neurogenic bladder has the primary objectives of maintaining continence, ensuring low bladder pressure (to avoid renal damage) and avoiding or minimising infection. Options include intermittent urethral catheterisation, indwelling urethr
- Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing catheter‐related infections in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2019
Peritonitis is one of the limiting factors for the growth of peritoneal dialysis (PD) worldwide and is a major cause of technique failure. Several studies have examined the effectiveness of various catheter-related interventions for lowering the risk of P
- Caudal epidural block versus other methods of postoperative pain relief for circumcision in boys
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Techniques to minimize the postoperative discomfort of penile surgery, such as circumcision, include caudal block; penile block; systemic opioids and topical local anaesthetic cream, emulsion or gel.
- Celecoxib for osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-May-2017
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is caused by degeneration of the joint cartilage and growth of new bone, cartilage and connective tissue. It is often associated with major disability and impaired quality of life. There is curr
- Celecoxib for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jun-2017
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic auto-immune disorder, involving persistent joint inflammation. NSAIDs are used to control the symptoms of RA, but are associated with significant gastro-intestinal toxicity, including a risk of potentially life thre
- Celecoxib for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jun-2017
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic auto-immune disorder that causes widespread and persistent inflammation of the synovial lining of joints and tendon sheaths. Presently, there is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis and treatment focuses on managing symptoms
- Celiac plexus block for pancreatic cancer pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2011
Pancreatic cancer causes severe pain in 50 to 70% of patients and is often difficult to treat. Celiac plexus block (CPB) is thought to be a safe and effective technique for reducing the severity of pain.
- Cell salvage for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2010
Concerns regarding the safety of transfused blood have prompted reconsideration of the use of allogeneic (from an unrelated donor) red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, and a range of techniques to minimise transfusion requirements.
- Cell salvage in emergency trauma surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2015
Trauma is the leading cause of death in people under the age of 45 years. Over the past 20 years, intraoperative autologous transfusions (obtained by cell salvage, also known as intraoperative blood salvage (IBS)) have been used as an alternative to blood
- Cell‐based therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2019
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which is also known as motor neuron disease (MND), is a fatal disease associated with rapidly progressive disability, for which no definitive treatment exists. Current treatment approaches largely focus on relieving sy
