Showing 121-140 of 197 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Hematologic 
- Nutritional interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Feb-2013
Adequate nutrition is important for optimal immune and metabolic function. Dietary support may, therefore, improve clinical outcomes in HIV-infected individuals by reducing the incidence of HIV-associated complications and attenuating progression of HIV d
- Nutritional support for liver disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
Weight loss and muscle wasting are commonly found in patients with end-stage liver disease. Since there is an association between malnutrition and poor clinical outcome, such patients (or those at risk of becoming malnourished) are often given parenteral
- Nystatin prophylaxis and treatment in severely immunodepressed patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Sep-2014
Nystatin is sometimes used prophylactically in patients with severe immunodeficiency or in the treatment of fungal infection in such patients, although its effect seems to be equivocal.
- Oral deferiprone for iron chelation in people with thalassaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Aug-2013
Thalassaemia major is a genetic disease characterised by a reduced ability to produce haemoglobin. Management of the resulting anaemia is through red blood cell transfusions.
- Oral immunoglobulin for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and low birth weight neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2013
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common emergency involving the gastrointestinal tract occurring in the neonatal period. There have been published reports that suggest that oral immunoglobulins IgA and IgG produce an immunoprotective effect in
- Oral immunoglobulin for the prevention of rotavirus infection in low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Oct-2011
Rotavirus is a common neonatal nosocomial viral infection and epidemics with the newer P(6)G9 strains have been reported. Local mucosal immunity in the intestine to rotavirus is important in the resolution of infection and protection against subsequent in
- Oral immunoglobulin for the treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2011
Rotavirus infection is the most common neonatal nosocomial viral infection. It is a major health problem worldwide. Epidemics with the newer P(6)G9 strains have been reported in neonatal units globally. These strains can cause severe symptoms in most infe
- Oral iron supplements for children in malaria-endemic areas
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2016
Iron-deficiency anaemia is common during childhood. Iron administration has been claimed to increase the risk of malaria.
- Oral substitution treatment of injecting opioid users for prevention of HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jun-2011
Injecting drug users are vulnerable to infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and other blood borne viruses as a result of collective use of injecting equipment as well as sexual behaviour
- Oral vitamin B12 versus intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Vitamin B12 deficiency is common and rises with age. Most people with vitamin B12 deficiency are treated in primary care with intramuscular vitamin B12 which is a considerable source of work for health care professionals. Several case control and case ser
- Pain management for sickle cell disease in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2015
Sickle cell disease is an inherited genetic disorder characterized by an abnormality of haemoglobin that predisposes to polymerization and consequent deformation ("sickling"). Sickle cell disease can cause episodes of acute severe pain. Chronic pain may a
- Partial exchange transfusion to prevent neurodevelopmental disability in infants with polycythemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jan-2010
Hyperviscosity of blood results in increased resistance to blood flow and decreased oxygen delivery. In the neonate, hyperviscosity can cause abnormalities of central nervous system function, hypoglycemia, decreased renal function, cardiorespiratory distr
- Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Mar-2015
Mortality and morbidity due to neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remain high despite the use of potent antimicrobial agents. Agents that modulate inflammation may improve outcomes. Pentoxifylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is one su
- Perioperative blood transfusions and recurrence of colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2011
The improvement of renal allograft survival by pre-transplantation transfusions alerted to the potential detrimental effect of transfusions in cancer treatment.
- Perioperative fluid volume optimization following proximal femoral fracture
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Mar-2016
Proximal femoral fracture (PFF) is a common orthopaedic emergency that affects mainly elderly people at high risk of complications. Advanced methods for managing fluid therapy during treatment for PFF are available, but their role in reducing risk is uncl
- Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-May-2010
Allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions (NHTRs) are the two most common forms of transfusion reaction. Pretransfusion medication with anti-inflammatory drugs is used in NHTR prevention, however its efficacy and safety remains unclear.
- Pharmacological treatment other than corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange for Guillain-Barré syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2013
Plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin, but not corticosteroids, are beneficial in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The efficacy of other pharmacological agents is unknown. This review was first published in 2011 and this update in 2013.
- Phyllanthus species for chronic hepatitis B virus infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2011
Phyllanthus species for patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have been assessed in clinical trials, but no consensus regarding their usefulness exists.
- Phytomedicines (medicines derived from plants) for sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2015
Sickle cell disease, a common recessively inherited haemoglobin disorder, affects people from sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, Mediterranean basin, Indian subcontinent, Caribbean and South America. It is associated with complications and a reduced lif
- Piracetam for reducing the incidence of painful sickle cell disease crises
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2015
Sickle cell disease is one of the most common genetic disorders. Sickle cell crises in which irregular and dehydrated cells contribute to blocking of blood vessels are characterised by episodes of pain. Treatment is mainly supportive and symptomatic. In v
