Showing 121-140 of 589 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pregnancy and childbirth 
- Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with oligo-amenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
The administration of clomiphene citrate is followed by an enhanced release of pituitary gonadotropins resulting in follicular recruitment. After the drug is stopped, there is continuing secretion of estradiol, selection of the dominant follicle and, in s
- Closure versus non-closure of the peritoneum at caesarean section: short- and long-term outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Aug-2014
Caesarean section is a very common surgical procedure worldwide. Suturing the peritoneal layers at caesarean section may or may not confer benefit, hence the need to evaluate whether this step should be omitted or routinely performed.
- Coasting (withholding gonadotrophins) for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-May-2017
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic and potentially life threatening condition resulting from excessive ovarian stimulation. Reported incidence of moderate to severe OHSS ranges from 0.6% to 5% of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles.
- Combination chemotherapy for primary treatment of high‐risk gestational trophoblastic tumour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2013
This is an update of the original review that was published in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2009, Issue 2. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) are malignant disorders of the placenta that include invasive hydatidiform mole, choriocar
- Combination contraceptives: effects on weight
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2014
Weight gain is often considered a side effect of combination hormonal contraceptives, and many women and clinicians believe that an association exists. Concern about weight gain can limit the use of this highly effective method of contraception by deterri
- Combination injectable contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Combination injectable contraceptives (CICs) provide a highly effective, reversible method of preventing pregnancy, and they do not require daily administration or use at the time of coitus. Although they are used in many countries, their acceptability co
- Combined hormonal versus nonhormonal versus progestin-only contraception in lactation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Mar-2015
Postpartum contraception improves the health of mothers and children by lengthening birth intervals. For lactating women, contraception choices are limited by concerns about hormonal effects on milk quality and quantity and passage of hormones to the infa
- Combined spinal‐epidural versus epidural analgesia in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Traditional epidural techniques have been associated with prolonged labour, use of oxytocin augmentation and increased incidence of instrumental vaginal delivery. The combined spinal-epidural (CSE) technique has been introduced in an attempt to reduce the
- Common antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy in women with epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2015
The potential adverse effects of antiepileptic drug (AED) exposure in pregnancy have been well recognised but the relative risks of specific antiepileptic drug exposures remain poorly understood.
- Community‐based intervention packages for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and improving neonatal outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2015
While maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates in developing countries have declined significantly in the past two to three decades, newborn mortality rates have reduced much more slowly. While it is recognised that almost half of the newborn
- Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Many women would like to avoid pharmacological or invasive methods of pain management in labour and this may contribute towards the popularity of complementary methods of pain management. This review examined currently available evidence supporting the us
- Conservative management of symptomatic and/or complicated haemorrhoids in pregnancy and the puerperium
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
Haemorrhoids (piles) are swollen veins at or near the anus, normally asymptomatic. They do not constitute a disease, unless they become symptomatic. Pregnancy and the puerperium predispose to symptomatic haemorrhoids, being the most common ano-rectal dise
- Continuity of caregivers for care during pregnancy and childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2009
Care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postnatal period is often provided by multiple caregivers, many of whom work only in the antenatal clinic, labour ward or postnatal unit. However continuity of care is provided by the same caregiver or a small gr
- Continuous and interrupted suturing techniques for repair of episiotomy or second‐degree tears
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
Millions of women worldwide undergo perineal suturing after childbirth and the type of repair may have an impact on pain and healing. For more than 70 years, researchers have been suggesting that continuous non-locking suture techniques for repair of the
- Continuous cardiotocography (CTG) as a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for fetal assessment during labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Feb-2017
Cardiotocography (CTG) records changes in the fetal heart rate and their temporal relationship to uterine contractions. The aim is to identify babies who may be short of oxygen (hypoxic) to guide additional assessments of fetal wellbeing, or determine if
- Continuous or extended cycle vs. cyclic use of combined hormonal contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2014
The avoidance of menstruation through continuous or extended (greater than 28 days) administration of combination hormonal contraceptives (CHCs) has gained legitimacy through its use in treating endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, and menstruation-associated sym
- Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jun-2016
Diabetes results in a rise in blood glucose above normal physiological levels; if untreated this may cause damage to many systems including the cardiovascular and renal systems. Pregnancy increases resistance to insulin action; for those women who have pr
- Continuous support for women during childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2017
Historically, women have generally been attended and supported by other women during labour. However, in hospitals worldwide, continuous support during labour has often become the exception rather than the routine.
- Copper containing, framed intra-uterine devices for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jun-2008
Intrauterine devices (IUD) are safe and effective methods of long term reversible contraception. The design, and copper content as well as placement of the copper on IUDs could affect their effectiveness and side-effect profile.
- Corticosteroids for cervical ripening and induction of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2006
The role of corticosteroids in the process of labour is not well understood. Animal studies have shown the importance of cortisol secretion by the fetal adrenal gland in initiating labour in sheep. Infusion of glucocorticosteroids into the fetus has also
