Showing 1481-1500 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Chlorpromazine versus reserpine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Apr-2016
In the 1940s reserpine, refined from a plant extract that had been used for centuries, began to be used as a treatment for people with mental disorders and was one of the very first antipsychotic drugs. Its irreversible pharmacological potency and adverse
- Cholecystectomy deferral in patients with endoscopic sphincterotomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Cholecystectomy is not required in up to 64% of patients who adopt a wait-and-see policy after endoscopic clearance of common bile duct stones. Although reports of retrospective cohort series have shown a higher mortality among patients who defer cholecys
- Cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyp
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
The management of gallbladder polyps is controversial. Cholecystectomy has been recommended for gallbladder polyps larger than 10 mm because of the association with gallbladder cancer. Cholecystectomy has also been suggested for gallbladder polyps smaller
- Cholecystectomy for patients with silent gallstones
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Cholecystectomy is currently advised only for patients with symptomatic gallstones. However, about 4% of patients with asymptomatic gallstones develop symptoms including cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, pancreatitis, and gallbladder cancer.
- Cholecystectomy for suspected gallbladder dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
The optimal treatment for patients with suspected biliary dyskinesia is controversial. Some studies found that cholecystectomy produced symptomatic improvement in patients with gallbladder dyskinesia (diagnosed by low gallbladder ejection fraction) while
- Cholesterol-reducing agents for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Mar-2013
Cerebral vasospasm and related delayed ischaemic deficits (DIDs) occur in about 17% to 40% of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and lead to a poor outcome. Cholesterol-reducing agents might improve unfavourable outcomes.
- Cholinergic medication for antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Mar-2018
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) remains a troublesome adverse effect of conventional antipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication. It has been proposed that TD could have a component of central cholinergic deficiency. Cholinergic drugs have been used to treat TD.
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Mar-2016
** This review is awaiting update with a new protocol. The methods used for the review were acceptable when the review was published but do not meet contemporary standards, and the review is also considerably out of date. Therefore, readers should note th
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for delirium
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
Delirium is now the preferred term to describe acute confusional states. It is experienced by 10 to 30% of all hospital inpatients. Delirium is potentially reversible and is related to several adverse outcomes, including increased hospital length of stay,
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2008
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) was first described in 1983, and clinical diagnostic criteria were published in the early to mid 1990s. It has been suggested DLB may account for up to 15-25% of cases of dementia among people aged over 65, although autopsy
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Previous Cochrane reviews have considered the use of cholinesterase inhibitors in both Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The clinical features of DLB and PDD have much in common and are distinguished primarily on
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for mild cognitive impairment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jul-2016
Mild cognitive impairment is hypothesised to represent a pre-clinical stage of dementia but forms a heterogeneous group with variable prognosis.
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for Parkinson's disease dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-May-2008
The loss of cholinergic, dopaminergic and noradrenergic innervations seen in Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD) suggest a potential role for cholinesterase inhibitors. Concerns have been expressed about a theoretical worsening of Parkinson's disease relat
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for rarer dementias associated with neurological conditions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2015
Rarer dementias include Huntington's disease (HD), cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), dementia in multiple sclerosis (MS) and progressive supranuclear palsy
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of delirium in non‐ICU settings
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2018
Delirium is a common clinical syndrome defined as alterations in attention with an additional disturbance in cognition or perception, which develop over a short period of time and tend to fluctuate during the course of the episode. Delirium is commonly tr
- Cholinesterase inhibitors for vascular dementia and other vascular cognitive impairments: a network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Feb-2021
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) describes a broad spectrum of cognitive impairments caused by cerebrovascular disease, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. There are currently no pharmacological treatments recommended for improving eith
- Chondroitin for osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jan-2015
Osteoarthritis, a common joint disorder, is one of the leading causes of disability. Chondroitin has emerged as a new treatment. Previous meta-analyses have shown contradictory results on the efficacy of chondroitin. This, in addition to the publication o
- Chorion villus sampling versus amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2008
Amniocentesis test results are usually available only after 18 weeks gestation. Chorion villus sampling (CVS) may be performed transabdominally or transvaginally, usually between 10 and 12 weeks gestation.
- Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2013
Obesity is a global public health threat. Chromium picolinate (CrP) is advocated in the medical literature for the reduction of body weight, and preparations are sold as slimming aids in the USA and Europe, and on the Internet.
- Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2016
Although conventional colonoscopy is the most accurate test available for the investigation of the colorectum for polyps, data exist that raise concerns about its sensitivity. Chromoscopy (spraying dye onto the surface of the colon to make polyps more vis
