Showing 1501-1520 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Continuous passive motion for preventing venous thromboembolism after total knee arthroplasty
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2014
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common form of orthopaedic surgery. Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which consists of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major and potentially fatal complication after TKA. The incidence of DVT
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) during the postoperative period for prevention of postoperative morbidity and mortality following major abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2014
Major abdominal surgery can be associated with a number of serious complications that may impair patient recovery. In particular, postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), including respiratory complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia, are a ma
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute bronchiolitis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Apr-2022
Acute bronchiolitis is one of the most frequent causes of emergency department visits and hospitalisation in children up to three years of age. There is no specific treatment for bronchiolitis except for supportive treatment, which includes ensuring adequ
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2020
Respiratory distress, particularly respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), is the single most important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. In infants with progressive respiratory insufficiency, intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IP
- Continuous positive airway pressure delivery interfaces for obstructive sleep apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jun-2014
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the mainstay of therapy for moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, compliance with CPAP has been less than ideal. There are many different CPAP interfaces now available for the treatment o
- Continuous positive airway pressure versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive pr
- Continuous positive airways pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jul-2008
Obstructive sleep apnoea is the periodic reduction (hypopnoea) or cessation (apnoea) of breathing due to narrowing or occlusion of the upper airway during sleep. The main symptom is daytime sleepiness and it has been suggested it is linked to premature de
- Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for rhabdomyolysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2014
Rhabdomyolysis is a condition that is characterised by the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue and leakage of intracellular myocyte contents into circulating blood. Rhabdomyolysis can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) and is a potentially life-threatening
- Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple insulin injections for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Type 1 diabetes is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion. Onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus may occur at any age and it is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood and adolescence. Since there are no interventions k
- Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2011
Diabetes results in a rise in blood glucose above normal physiological levels; if untreated this may cause damage to many systems including the cardiovascular and renal systems. Pregnancy leads to a physiological resistance to insulin action; for those wo
- Continuous support for women during childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2013
Historically, women have been attended and supported by other women during labour. However, in hospitals worldwide, continuous support during labour has become the exception rather than the routine.
- Continuous versus bolus intragastric tube feeding for preterm and low birth weight infants with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jul-2014
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease is a particularly common condition in preterm and low birth weight infants. These infants are also more likely to have excessive regurgitation, as they do not have a fully developed antireflux mechanism. Preterm and low b
- Continuous versus intermittent beta-agonists for acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Mar-2011
Patients with acute asthma treated in the emergency department are frequently treated with intermittent inhaled beta-agonists delivered by nebulisation. The use of continuous beta-agonist (CBA) via nebulisation in the emergency setting may offer additiona
- Continuous versus intermittent infusions of antibiotics for the treatment of severe acute infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2013
Intravenous broad–spectrum antibiotics are indicated for the treatment of severe infections. However, the emergence of infections caused by multiple-drug resistant organisms in conjunction with a lack of novel antibiotics has prompted the investigation of
- Continuous versus intermittent physiological monitoring for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Apr-2013
Explanations for the effectiveness of stroke units compared with general wards in reducing mortality, institutionalisation and dependence of people with stroke remain undetermined, and the discussion on the most effective stroke unit model is still up for
- Continuous versus interrupted skin sutures for non-obstetric surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2014
Most surgical procedures involve a cut in the skin, allowing the surgeon to gain access to the surgical site. Most surgical wounds are closed fully at the end of the procedure; this review focuses on these closed wounds. There are many ways to close the s
- Contracts between patients and healthcare practitioners for improving patients' adherence to treatment, prevention and health promotion activities
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2009
Contracts are a verbal or written agreement that a patient makes with themselves, with healthcare practitioners, or with carers, where participants commit to a set of behaviours related to the care of a patient. Contracts aim to improve the patients' adhe
- Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in adults with chronic liver disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2022
Hepatocellular carcinoma occurs mostly in people with chronic liver disease. Worldwide, it ranks sixth in terms of incidence of cancer, and fourth in terms of cancer-related deaths. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is used as an add-on test to confirm
- Controlled cord traction for the third stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2015
Active management of the third stage of labour (AMTSL) consists of a group of interventions, including administration of a prophylactic uterotonic (at at or after delivery of the baby), baby, cord clamping and cutting, controlled cord traction (CCT) to de
- Conventional chest physiotherapy compared to other airway clearance techniques for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2013
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited life-limiting disorder, characterised by pulmonary infections and thick airway secretions. Chest physiotherapy has been integral to clinical management in facilitating removal of airway secretions. Conventional chest physio
