Showing 1561-1580 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Clinical symptoms and signs for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children and adolescents with community‐acquired pneumonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a significant cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents. Treatment with macrolide antibiotics is recommended. However, M. pneumoniae is difficult to diagnose based on clinical symptoms and s
- Clinical symptoms, signs and tests for identification of impending and current water‐loss dehydration in older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2015
There is evidence that water-loss dehydration is common in older people and associated with many causes of morbidity and mortality. However, it is unclear what clinical symptoms, signs and tests may be used to identify early dehydration in older people, s
- Clinically‐indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2019
US Centers for Disease Control guidelines recommend replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVC) no more frequently than every 72 to 96 hours. Routine replacement is thought to reduce the risk of phlebitis and bloodstream infection. Catheter ins
- Clinician‐targeted interventions to influence antibiotic prescribing behaviour for acute respiratory infections in primary care: an overview of systematic reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2017
Antibiotic resistance is a worldwide health threat. Interventions that reduce antibiotic prescribing by clinicians are expected to reduce antibiotic resistance. Disparate interventions to change antibiotic prescribing behaviour for acute respiratory infec
- Clobazam add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2019
Epilepsy affects approximately 1% of the population, with up to 30% of patients continuing to have seizures, despite antiepileptic drug treatment. Clobazam is a 1,5-benzodiazepine and is commonly used as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy. Th
- Clobazam monotherapy for focal or generalized seizures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2018
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in Issue 10, 2014. There is a need to expand monotherapy options available to a clinician for the treatment of new focal or generalized seizures. A Cochrane systematic review for clobaza
- Clofibrate in combination with phototherapy for unconjugated neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
There are many pathological conditions leading to an elevated unconjugated bilirubin level (hyperbilirubinaemia) in neonates. Currently the standard therapies for unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia include phototherapy and exchange transfusion. In addition
- Clomiphene and other antioestrogens for ovulation induction in polycystic ovarian syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Dec-2016
Subfertility due to anovulation is a common problem in women. First-line oral treatment is with antioestrogens such as clomiphene citrate, but resistance may be apparent with clomiphene. Alternative and adjunctive treatments have been used including tamox
- Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with oligo-amenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
The administration of clomiphene citrate is followed by an enhanced release of pituitary gonadotropins resulting in follicular recruitment. After the drug is stopped, there is continuing secretion of estradiol, selection of the dominant follicle and, in s
- Clomiphene citrate for unexplained subfertility in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
The effectiveness of clomiphene citrate has been demonstrated in the treatment of subfertility associated with infrequent or irregular ovulation. The physiologic effects and clinical benefits in ovulatory women with unexplained subfertility are less clear
- Clomiphene or tamoxifen for idiopathic oligo/asthenospermia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
Oligo-astheno-teratospermia (sperm of low concentration, reduced motility and increased abnormal morphology) of unknown cause is common and the need for treatment is felt by patients and doctors alike. As a result, a variety of empirical, non-specific tre
- Clonazepam add‐on therapy for drug‐resistant epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2020
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in 2018, Issue 5.
- Clonazepam for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-May-2012
Antiepileptic drugs have been used in pain management since the 1960s; some have shown efficacy in treating different neuropathic pain conditions. Clonazepam, a benzodiazepine, is an established antiepileptic drug, but its place in the treatment of neurop
- Clonazepam monotherapy for treating people with newly diagnosed epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2022
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide, with an age-adjusted prevalence of 4 to 8 per 1000 population and an age-adjusted incidence of 44 per 100,000 person-years in developed countries. Monotherapy represents the best therape
- Clonidine for pain in non‐ventilated infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Apr-2020
Critically ill newborn infants undergo a variety of painful procedures or experience a variety of painful conditions during their early life in the neonatal unit. In the critically ill paediatric and neonatal population, clonidine is prescribed as an adju
- Clonidine for sedation and analgesia for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2017
Although routine administration of pharmacologic sedation or analgesia during mechanical ventilation in preterm neonates is not recommended, its use in clinical practice remains common. Alpha-2 agonists, mainly clonidine and dexmedetomidine, are used as a
- Clonidine for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
Clonidine was originally used to lower blood pressure. It acts on the central nervous system and may reduce withdrawal symptoms in various addictive behaviours, including tobacco use.
- Clonidine premedication for postoperative analgesia in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2014
Postoperative pain remains a significant problem following paediatric surgery. Premedication with a suitable agent may improve its management. Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist which has sedative, anxiolytic and analgesic properties. It may there
- Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus aspirin alone for preventing cardiovascular events
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Dec-2017
Aspirin is the prophylactic antiplatelet drug of choice for people with cardiovascular disease. Adding a second antiplatelet drug to aspirin may produce additional benefit for people at high risk and people with established cardiovascular disease. This is
- Closed reduction methods for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
Fracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem. Displaced fractures are usually reduced using closed reduction methods, which are non-surgical and generally comprise traction and manipulation. The resulting position is then stabilised, typical
