Showing 141-160 of 197 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Hematologic 
- Platelet‐rich‐plasmapheresis for minimising peri‐operative allogeneic blood transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2011
Concerns regarding the safety of transfused blood have generated considerable enthusiasm for the use of technologies intended to reduce the use of allogeneic blood (blood from an unrelated donor). Platelet-rich plasmapheresis (PRP) offers an alternative a
- Pneumococcal vaccines for sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
People with sickle cell disease are particularly susceptible to pneumococcal infection, which may be fatal. Infants (children aged up to 23 months) are at particularly high risk, but conventional polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines may be ineffective in
- Population-based biomedical sexually transmitted infection control interventions for reducing HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2011
The transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is closely related to the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Similar risk behaviours, such as frequent unprotected intercourse with different partners, place people at high
- Pre‐operative autologous donation for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
Public concerns regarding the safety of transfused blood have prompted reconsideration of the indications for the transfusion of allogeneic red cells (blood from an unrelated donor), and a range of techniques designed to minimise transfusion requirements.
- Preoperative blood transfusions for sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2020
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the commonest severe monogenic disorders in the world, due to the inheritance of two abnormal haemoglobin (beta globin) genes. SCD can cause severe pain, significant end-organ damage, pulmonary complications, and premat
- Preoperative radiotherapy and curative surgery for the management of localised rectal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2018
This is an update of the original review published in 2007.
- Prevention and treatment of cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
Cryptosporidiosis is a disease that causes diarrhoea lasting about one to two weeks, sometimes extending up to 2.5 months among the immunocompentent and becoming a more severe life-threatening illness among immunocompromised individuals. Cryptosporidium i
- Primary antifungal prophylaxis for cryptococcal disease in HIV‐positive people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Aug-2018
Cryptococcal disease remains one of the main causes of death in HIV-positive people who have low cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell counts. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends screening HIV-positive people with low CD4 counts fo
- Progressive resistive exercise interventions for adults living with HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Due to medical advancements, many people living with HIV infection in developed countries are living longer (Palella 1998). HIV infection can now present as a chronic illness with an uncertain natural disease history. The changing course of HIV infection
- Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2021
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders that result in haemoglobin abnormalities and other complications. Injury to the spleen, among other factors, contribute to persons with SCD being particularly susceptible to infection. Infants an
- Prophylactic platelet transfusion for prevention of bleeding in patients with haematological disorders after chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2012
Platelet transfusions are used in modern clinical practice to prevent and treat bleeding in thrombocytopenic patients with bone marrow failure. Although considerable advances have been made in platelet transfusion therapy in the last 40 years, some areas
- Prophylactic vitamin K for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2000
Vitamin K deficiency can cause bleeding in an infant in the first weeks of life. This is known as Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn (HDN). HDN is divided into three categories: early, classic and late HDN. Early HDN occurs within 24 hours post partum and
- Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non‐HIV immunocompromised patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Oct-2014
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a disease affecting immunocompromised patients. PCP among these patients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
- Psychological therapies for sickle cell disease and pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2015
Sickle cell disease comprises a group of genetic blood disorders. It occurs when the sickle haemoglobin gene is inherited from both parents. The effects of the condition are: varying degrees of anaemia which, if severe, can reduce mobility; a tendency for
- Psychological therapies for thalassaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Mar-2014
Thalassaemia is a group of genetic blood disorders characterised by the absence or reduction in the production of haemoglobin. Severity is variable from less severe anaemia, through thalassaemia intermedia, to profound severe anaemia (thalassaemia major).
- Psychological therapies for the management of chronic and recurrent pain in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Oct-2018
This is an update of the original Cochrane review first published in Issue 1, 2003, and previously updated in 2009, 2012 and 2014. Chronic pain, defined as pain that recurs or persists for more than three months, is common in childhood. Chronic pain can a
- Purine Antagonists for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Recent trials suggest improved response rates for purine antagonists compared to alkylator-based regimens in the treatment of B-CLL. However, none was able to show a survival advantage.
- Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation during pregnancy or labour for maternal and neonatal outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2016
Vitamin B6 plays vital roles in numerous metabolic processes in the human body, such as nervous system development and functioning. It has been associated with some benefits in non-randomised studies, such as higher Apgar scores, higher birthweights, and
- Recombinant factor VIIa concentrate versus plasma‐derived concentrates for treating acute bleeding episodes in people with haemophilia and inhibitors
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2015
In people with haemophilia, therapeutic clotting agents might be recognised as a foreign protein and induce anti-factor VIII antibodies, known as 'inhibitors'. Drugs insensitive to such antibodies, either recombinant or plasma-derived, are called factor V
- Recombinant factor VIIa for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is licensed for use in patients with haemophilia and inhibitory allo-antibodies and for prophylaxis and treatment of patients with congenital factor VII deficiency. It is also used for off-license indications to prevent bl
