Showing 1681-1700 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Community coalition-driven interventions to reduce health disparities among racial and ethnic minority populations
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2015
Racial and ethnic disparities in health status are pervasive at all stages of the life cycle. One approach to reducing health disparities involves mobilizing community coalitions that include representatives of target populations to plan and implement int
- Community first responders for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2019
Mobilization of community first responders (CFRs) to the scene of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) event has been proposed as a means of shortening the interval from occurrence of cardiac arrest to performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR
- Community interventions for preventing smoking in young people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jun-2013
Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of preventable death in the world. Decisions to smoke are often made within a broad social context and therefore community interventions using coordinated, multi-component programmes may be effective in influ
- Community interventions for reducing smoking among adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Since smoking behaviour is determined by social context, the best way to reduce the prevalence of smoking may be to use community-wide programmes which use multiple channels to provide reinforcement, support and norms for not smoking.
- Community mental health teams (CMHTs) for people with severe mental illnesses and disordered personality
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Closure of asylums and institutions for the mentally ill, coupled with government policies focusing on reducing the number of hospital beds for people with severe mental illness in favour of providing care in a variety of non-hospital settings, underpins
- Community pharmacy interventions for health promotion: effects on professional practice and health outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2019
Community pharmacies are an easily accessible and cost-effective platform for delivering health care worldwide, and the range of services provided has undergone rapid expansion in recent years. Thus, in addition to dispensing medication, pharmacy workers
- Community pharmacy personnel interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2019
Community pharmacists could provide effective smoking cessation treatment because they offer easy access to members of the community. They are well placed to provide both advice on the correct use of smoking cessation products and behavioural support to a
- Community screening for visual impairment in older people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Feb-2018
Visual problems in older people are common and frequently under-reported. The effects of poor vision in older people are wide reaching and include falls, confusion and reduced quality of life. Much of the visual impairment in older ages can be treated (e.
- Community wide interventions for increasing physical activity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2015
Multi-strategic community wide interventions for physical activity are increasingly popular but their ability to achieve population level improvements is unknown.
- Community‐based antibiotic delivery for possible serious bacterial infections in neonates in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2019
The recommended management for neonates with a possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) is hospitalisation and treatment with intravenous antibiotics, such as ampicillin plus gentamicin. However, hospitalisation is often not feasible for neonates in lo
- Community‐based intervention packages for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and improving neonatal outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2015
While maternal, infant and under-five child mortality rates in developing countries have declined significantly in the past two to three decades, newborn mortality rates have reduced much more slowly. While it is recognised that almost half of the newborn
- Community-based interventions for the prevention of burns and scalds in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Burns and scalds are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Successful counter-measures to prevent burn and scald-related injury have been identified. However, evidence indicating the successful roll-out of these counter-measures into
- Community‐based maternal and newborn educational care packages for improving neonatal health and survival in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2019
In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), health services are under-utilised, and several studies have reported improvements in neonatal outcomes following health education imparted to mothers in homes, at health units, or in hospitals. However, evalua
- Community-based population-level interventions for promoting child oral health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2016
Dental caries and gingival and periodontal disease are commonly occurring, preventable chronic conditions. Even though much is known about how to treat oral disease, currently we do not know which community-based population-level interventions are most ef
- Community‐based supplementary feeding for food insecure, vulnerable and malnourished populations – an overview of systematic reviews
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2018
Supplementary feeding may help food insecure and vulnerable people by optimising the nutritional value and adequacy of the diet, improving quality of life and improving various health parameters of disadvantaged families. In low- and middle-income countri
- Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Supplementary feeding is defined as the provision of extra food to children or families beyond the normal ration of their home diets. The impact of food supplementation on child growth merits careful evaluation in view of the reliance of many states and n
- Community‐level interventions for improving access to food in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2020
After decades of decline since 2005, the global prevalence of undernourishment reverted and since 2015 has increased to levels seen in 2010 to 2011. The prevalence is highest in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially Africa and Asia. Food in
- Comparative effectiveness of continuation and maintenance treatments for persistent depressive disorder in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-May-2019
Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is defined as a depressive disorder with a minimum illness duration of two years, including four diagnostic subgroups (dysthymia, chronic major depression, recurrent major depression with incomplete remission between e
- Comparative efficacy of epidural, subarachnoid, and intracerebroventricular opioids in patients with pain due to cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2015
Since the 1970s, when endogenous opioids and opioid receptors were first isolated in the central nervous system, attempts have been made to optimize opioid therapy by delivering the medication centrally rather than systemically. Although the vast majority
- Comparison of a restrictive versus liberal red cell transfusion policy for patients with myelodysplasia, aplastic anaemia, and other congenital bone marrow failure disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2015
Bone marrow failure disorders include a heterogenous group of disorders, of which myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), forms the largest subgroup. MDS is predominantly a disease of the elderly, with many elderly people managed conservatively with regular allog
