Showing 161-180 of 197 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Hematologic 
- Recombinant human erythropoietin versus placebo or no treatment for the anaemia of chronic kidney disease in people not requiring dialysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2016
Treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in dialysis patients has been shown to be highly effective in terms of correcting anaemia and improving quality of life. There is debate concerning the benefits of rHuEPO use in predialysis patients
- Regular long-term red blood cell transfusions for managing chronic chest complications in sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Oct-2013
Sickle cell disease can cause severe vaso-occlusive crises and dysfunction of most organ systems. The two most common chronic chest complications due to sickle cell disease are pulmonary hypertension and chronic sickle lung disease. These complications ca
- Replacement arthroplasty versus internal fixation for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Internal fixation, commonly used for extracapsular hip fractures, may fail particularly in unstable fractures. Replacement of the hip using arthroplasty, often used for intracapsular fractures, has been used as an alternative.
- Rifabutin for treating pulmonary tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
Rifamycins are an essential component of modern short-course regimens for treating tuberculosis. Rifabutin has favourable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and is less prone to drug-drug interactions than rifampicin. It could contribute to sh
- Setting and organization of care for persons living with HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Treating the world's 40.3 million persons currently infected with HIV/AIDS is an international responsibility that involves unprecedented organizational challenges. Key issues include whether care should be concentrated or decentralized, what type and mix
- Single versus double volume exchange transfusion in jaundiced newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Double volume exchange transfusion is commonly used in newborns with severe jaundice in order to prevent kernicterus and other toxicity related to hyperbilirubinemia. Most commonly, exchange transfusions are used in infants with rhesus hemolytic disease.
- Splenectomy versus conservative management for acute sequestration crises in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2017
Acute splenic sequestration crises are a complication of sickle cell disease, with high mortality rates and frequent recurrence in survivors of first attacks. Splenectomy and blood transfusion, with their consequences, are the mainstay of long-term manage
- Stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine combination therapy for treatment of HIV infection and AIDS in adults.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
A favourable regimen for people infected with HIV/AIDS is one that provides optimal efficacy, durability of antiretroviral activity, tolerability, and has low adverse effects and drug-drug interactions. The combination of the non-nucleoside reverse transc
- Steroid hormones for contraception in women with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2011
Whether steroid contraceptives are appropriate for women with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease remains unresolved. Historically, women with sickle cell disease have experienced difficult pregnancies, characterized by high rates of maternal mortality an
- Strategies for partner notification for sexually transmitted infections, including HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Oct-2013
Partner notification (PN) is the process whereby sexual partners of an index patient are informed of their exposure to a sexually transmitted infection (STI) and the need to obtain treatment. For the person (index patient) with a curable STI, PN aims to e
- Structured treatment interruptions (STI) in chronic suppressed HIV infection in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Although antiretroviral treatment (ART) has led to a decline in morbidity and mortality of HIV-infected patients in developed countries, it has also presented challenges. These challenges include increases in pill burden; adherence to treatment; developme
- Structured treatment interruptions (STI) in chronic unsuppressed HIV infection in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Structured treatment interruptions (STI) of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been investigated as part of novel treatment strategies, with different aims and objectives depending on the populations involved. These populations include: 1) patients who ini
- Surgery for local and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2010
Surgical resection (usually lobectomy) is considered the treatment of choice for many individuals with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) . However much of the evidence is observational.
- Thienopyridine derivatives versus aspirin for preventing stroke and other serious vascular events in high vascular risk patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
Aspirin is the most widely studied and prescribed antiplatelet agent for preventing serious vascular events, reducing the odds of such events among high vascular risk patients by about a quarter. Thienopyridine derivatives inhibit platelet activation by a
- Thrombelastography (TEG) or thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to monitor haemotherapy versus usual care in patients with massive transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2013
Severe bleeding and coagulopathy as a result of massive transfusion are serious clinical conditions that are associated with high mortality. Thromboelastography (TEG) and thromboelastometry (ROTEM) are increasingly used to guide transfusion strategy but t
- Ticlopidine versus oral anticoagulation for coronary stenting
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2012
A two to four week course of ticlopidine plus aspirin following coronary stenting is considered effective in preventing thrombotic occlusion of the stented vessel and safe in regards to bleeding and peripheral vascular complications. However, rare, althou
- Timing and volume of fluid administration for patients with bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2014
Treatment of haemorrhagic shock involves maintaining blood pressure and tissue perfusion until bleeding is controlled. Different resuscitation strategies have been used to maintain the blood pressure in trauma patients until bleeding is controlled. Howeve
- TIPS versus paracentesis for cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Refractory ascites (ie, ascites that cannot be mobilized despite sodium restriction and diuretic treatment) occurs in 10 per cent of patients with cirrhosis. It is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality with a one-year survival rate of less t
- TPO receptor agonist for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2011
Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder that is characterized predominantly by a low platelet count. Thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonists increase production of platelets by stimulating the TPO receptor in pe
- Transfusion thresholds for guiding red blood cell transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Dec-2021
The optimal haemoglobin threshold for use of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in anaemic patients remains an active field of research. Blood is a scarce resource, and in some countries, transfusions are less safe than in others because of inadequate test
